Ma'at or Maat : Goddess of Truth and Justice, . And sometimes symbolizes the goddess of truth and justice only feather ..
The name of the Maat in this list is read from left to right, unlike what the ancient Egyptian writer used to write, as he used to write from right to left. The goddess Maat is also attributed to controlling the seasons of the year and the movement of the stars, which is why Egypt was called ancient (the land of the Nile and Maat).
Sometimes we find (Maat) in the Double formula (Ma'ety), and this dual formula may express a complete or deep degree of meaning and not to the existence of a concept that means two truths or justices[2].
The description :
She is represented in the form of a lady with an ostrich feather above her head, a symbol of justice.
It is still not clear the real reason behind the association of "Maat" with the ostrich feather as a symbol. Perhaps this is because the feathers are associated with flight, and therefore with the cosmic world of heaven as a cosmic goddess; Or perhaps for the lightness of the feather, which expresses purity and purity, and the weightlessness of sins and sins; Or for some other reason unknown to us.
Relationship with other deities:
Maat was associated with many deities, foremost of which is the cosmic deities, as she is the daughter of the god "Ra", and she had a prominent role in the journey of the sun and solar chants.[3]
And "Maat" embodies the cosmic system that the god "Ra" entrusted to the king to establish and establish him in the rule of the earth. So the king had to do this, and perform the ritual of offering the "Maat", a metaphor for all that and about the "Maat sacrifice".
She was also associated with the deity "Chhuti", the Lord of wisdom and knowledge, and was known as his wife, and she appeared with him in the scene of weighing the heart of the deceased, and also appeared on the boat of the sun Lord "Ra". Maat was associated with the king, who was responsible before the gods for establishing order and justice, and for establishing the Maat in the proper place that the gods created for the universe.
Its role in arithmetic when the ancient Egyptians:
It is also mentioned that when calculating the deceased in the underworld of the ancient Egyptians, the heart of the dead was placed on the scale on one side and the feather of the goddess Maat on the other. If the heart of the deceased is swung, he will enter Paradise in their beliefs, but if the feather is swung, he will enter Hell, which the ancient Egyptian beliefs represented in the form of an imaginary predatory beast named Amamout, whose head is the head of a crocodile, its body is the body of a lion and the back of it is the body of a hippopotamus. The court in the underworld consisted of 42 judges, as many as the provinces of Egypt, headed by Osiris.
The ancient Egyptians’ perception of the Day of Judgment was to accompany the dead Anubis to the courtroom, and the judges would begin to question the dead about his actions in this world, and whether he was following the Ma’at (the right path) or was he one of the sinners. And the dead man begins to defend himself and says: I did not kill anyone, nor did I expose a person, nor did I complain to a worker with his boss, and I did not steal. I used to feed the poor, give clothes to the naked, help people, and give water to the thirsty. Then the judges begin to ask him about his knowledge of the gods, so he had to mention the gods by their names and beware that he forget one of them.
Maat and the scribes:
The most wonderful feature of the ancient Egyptian civilization is its foundation on the foundations of the "Maat", which was an embodiment expressing the essence of truth, honesty, justice and order.. It was considered the universal divine law that lays down the rules of goodness and right in the face of the forces of evil and injustice..
Maat the gods:
The greatest manifestation of the divine embodiment of abstract concepts was the goddess (Ma'et) who personified the meaning of truth and honesty, which the ancient Egyptian language expressed in one word (Maat) and the goddess bearing this name, which appeared since the second dynasty as an image in a human female form since the era of Early also carrying on her head (an ostrich feather), which for some reason we do not know, has become its symbol. And the goddess (Maat) is the daughter of the sun god (Ra), who rules according to the well-established principles of truth and justice established by him as a general law. Therefore, we see this goddess always standing at the front of the sacred sun boat accompanied by Ra during his journey through the sky.
Conclusion :
Maat is neither a ruling nor a judge, but rather it is the “awareness” that man carries in his heart, and it is the bridge that connects him to the universe and to God, and it is called morally the term “conscience”, and it is she who gave the ancient Egyptians (kings and people alike) that sense The refined moralist who was able to reach human and moral values in their highest form, as they are the end and end in the journey of life and its movement...
What do we need....